41 lines
109 KiB
PHP
41 lines
109 KiB
PHP
<?php
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use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;
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class NewsTableSeeder extends Seeder
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{
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/**
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* Run the database seeds.
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*
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* @return void
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*/
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public function run()
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{
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$data = array(
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['c_id'=>4,'title'=>'资产流通垂直公链','author'=>'管理员','content'=>'content','thumbnail'=>'http://ice.adminchao.com/images/zwtp.png'],
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['c_id'=>4,'title'=>'增强智能合约','author'=>'管理员','content'=>'content','thumbnail'=>'http://ice.adminchao.com/images/zwtp.png'],
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['c_id'=>3,'title'=>'向巴菲特宣战：他豪赌630万美元，坚信比特币5年后超越伯克希尔股价','author'=>'管理员','content'=>'content','thumbnail'=>'http://m.huoma.red/upload/1531484278786194.png'],
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['c_id'=>3,'title'=>'「地址、密码、私钥、助记词、Keystore 」那些事','author'=>'管理员','content'=>'content','thumbnail'=>'http://ice.adminchao.com/upload/153662855615061.jpeg'],
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['c_id'=>3,'title'=>'如何跟大爷大妈们讲清楚什么是比特币','author'=>'管理员','content'=>'content','thumbnail'=>'http://m.huoma.red/upload/1531484264819457.png'],
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['c_id'=>2,'title'=>'区块链与数字货币常见问答','author'=>'管理员','content'=>'<h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：什么是区块链？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：区块链（Blockchain）是指通过去中心化和去信任的方式集体维护一个可靠数据库的技术方案。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：能通俗的解释一下什么是区块链吗？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：通俗一点说，区块链技术就指一种全民参与记账的方式。所有的系统背后都有一个数据库，你可以把数据库看成是就是一个大账本。那么谁来记这个账本就变得很重要。目前就是谁的系统谁来记账，微信的账本就是腾讯在记，淘宝的账本就是阿里在记。但现在区块链系统中，系统中的每个人都可以有机会参与记账。在一定时间段内如果有任何数据变化，系统中每个人都可以来进行记账，系统会评判这段时间内记账最快最好的人，把他记录的内容写到账本，并将这段时间内账本内容发给系统内所有的其他人进行备份。这样系统中的每个人都了一本完整的账本。这种方式，我们就称它为区块链技术。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：这样全民记账的区块链有什么好处？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：可以发现，这是在牺牲一点效率的情况下，获得了极大的安全性。首先没有一本中央大账本了，所以无法摧毁。每个节点都仅仅是系统的一部分，每个节点权利相等，都有着一模一样的账本。摧毁部分节点对系统一点都没有影响。其次，无法作弊，因为除非你能控制系统内大多数人的电脑都进行修改，否则系统会参照多数人的意见来决定什么才是真实结果，结果会发现修改自己的账本完全没有意义（因为别人不承认）。其次，由于没有中心化的中介机构存在，让所有的东西都通过预先设定的程序自动运行，不仅能够大大降低成本，也能提高效率。而由于每个人都有相同的账本，能确保账本记录过程是公开透明的。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：区块链解决了什么问题吗？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：区块链最重要的是解决了中介信用问题。在过去，两个互不认识和信任的人要达成协作是难的，必须要依靠第三方。比如支付行为，在过去任何一种转账，必须要有银行或者支付宝这样的机构存在。但是通过区块链技术，比特币是人类第一次实现在没有任何中介机构参与的情况下，完成双方可以互信的转账行为。这是区块链的重大突破。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：区块链是比特币吗？或者比特币就是区块链吗？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：区块链技术是比特币的底层技术，在早期并没有太多人注意到比特币的底层技术。但是当比特币在没有任何中心化机构运营和管理的情况下，在多年里非常稳定的运行，并且没有出现过任何问题。所以很多人注意到，该底层技术技术也许有很大的机制，而且不仅仅可以在比特币中使用，也许可以在许多领域都能够应用这种技术。于是把比特币技术抽象提取出来，称之为区块链技术，或者分布式账本技术。所以从某个角度来看，比特币可以看成是区块链第一个应用，而区块链更类似于TCP/IP这样的底层技术，以后会扩展到越来越多的行业中。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：区块链技术主要可以用在哪些行业？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：区块链主要的优势是无需中介参与、过程高效透明且成本很低、数据高度安全。所以如果在这三个方面有任意一个需求的行业都有机会使用区块链技术。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：金融领域为什么要使用区块链技术？有什么实质性的好处？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：区块链技术在金融领域中主要的优势去中介化和极大的降低成本。</p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">首先金融行业目前由于防止单点故障和系统性风险，需要进行层层审计来控制金融风险，但由此也造成高昂的内部成本。并且由于不断增加的监管法规出现，特别是2008年金融危机导致对于金融管控门槛不断升高，而反恐战争导致反洗钱和反恐怖主义融资的范围也让监管的广度和深度逐渐扩大，导致整个金融系统的监管成本急剧增加。在这种情况下，区块链技术能够通过防篡改和高透明的方式让真个金融系统极大的降低成本。根据西班牙最大银行桑坦德发布的一份报告显示，2020年左右如果全世界的银行内部都使用区块链技术的话，大概每年能省下200亿美元的成本。这样的数据足以说明“区块链”给传统金融领域带来的巨大变革和突破。</p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">此外由于历史原因，导致传统金融机构在结算和清算时都依靠中央结算所来完成，而由此造成的问题就是效率低下。传统的跨国结算就是因为要通过类似于SWIFT这样的机构，所以跨国电汇往往是按天来计算的。但是比特币在使用区块链技术时，在完全没有中心化运营机构的情况下，完美的运行了七年，不仅能够实现实时结算和清算，而且没有出现过任何一笔账目错误。所以，如果所有的金融系统能够实现去中心化的实时结算和清算，不仅仅将极大的提高全球金融效率，并且由此能够改变全球金融的格局。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：什么是比特币说的“挖矿”？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：比特币中的“挖矿”实际上就是记账的过程，比特币的运算采用了一种称为“工作量证明（Proof of Work，PoW）”的机制，系统为了找出谁有更强大的计算能力，每次会出一道数学题，只有最快解出这道题目的计算机才能进行记账。而抢到记账权的计算机会获得25个比特币的奖励。通常把这个行为称为“挖矿”，把获得的比特币视为挖矿成功获得的奖励。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：所有的区块链都需要挖矿吗？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：并非所有的区块链项目都会采用类似于比特币这样的“工作量证明”方式，这更多出现在早期的区块链项目中。如果采取其他的证明机制，如“权益证明（Proof of Stake，PoS）”、“股份授权证明机制（DPoS，Delegate Proof of Stake）”都是不需要采取这样的挖矿方式。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：区块链和大数据什么关系？区块链会取代大数据？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：区块链和大数据关系并不是很大。大数据主要的是对于海量数据进行管理，而区块链的核心是在没有中心化中介计入的情况下实现数据的高安全性和高可靠性。所以区块链和大数据并不互相冲突，也不会取代，完全是面对不同场景情况下对于数据的不同解决方案。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：区块链和云计算云存储有什么关系？区块链是云计算或云存储吗？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：云计算通常定义为通过互联网来提供动态易扩展且经常是虚拟化的资源，但是提供云计算平台的往往是一个中心化机构。而区块链组成的网络一般是没有特定的机构，所以区块链更接近分布式计算系统的定义，属于分布式计算的一种。不过，区块链是能够实现云存储的，不同于目前中心化提供云存储空间，区块链有一些提供去中心化的云存储方案。这样的项目包括Storj，Sia，Maidsafe。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：区块链是软件吗？是用什么程序写的？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：区块链不是一种特定的软件，就像“数据库”这个三个字表现的意思一样，它是一种特定技术的设计思想。可以用绝大多数语言来实现它，而且实现的方式也有许多种。而且区块链技术目前还在快速发展中，相对而言，目前区块链技术设计思想还是比较简单的，也许在未来会变得愈加复杂。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：什么是公有链？什么是私有链？什么是联盟链？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：公有链是任何节点都是向任何人开放的，每个人都可以参与到这个区块链中参与计算，而且任何人都可以下载获得完整区块链数据（全部账本）。但是有些区块链的应用场景下，并不希望这个系统任何人都可以参与，任何人都可以查看所有数据，只有被许可的节点才可以参与并且查看所有数据。那么这种区块链结构我们称为私有链。</p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">联盟链是指参与每个节点的权限都完全对等，大家在不需要完全互信的情况下就可以实现数据的可信交换，R3组成的银行区块链联盟要构建的就是典型的联盟链。</p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">但是随着区块链技术的快速发展，不排除以后公有链和私有链的界限会变得比较模糊。因为每个节点的可以有较为复杂的读写权限，也许有部分权限的节点会向所有人开发，而部分记账或者核心权限的节点只能向许可的节点开放，那就会不再是纯粹的公有链或者私有链。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：目前区块链技术发展的主要问题？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">目前区块链技术还处于一个非常早期的阶段，不仅尚未形成统一的技术标准，而且各种技术方案还在快速发展中。但是过去被认为基于区块链技术的系统会非常耗费资源（类似于比特币），或者区块链技术的系统处理数据有限制之类的问题已经在技术上获得了突破。但是，对于区块链技术的可扩展性，还没有经过大规模的实践考验，而现在主要还停留在原型设计阶段。</p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">如果不能定量分析，使用区块链技术能够为我们带来的实际好处，包括能够节省的资金和创造的价值，那么金融行业短期内还会保持相对谨慎的态度。毕竟，目前全球金融的基础设施投入已经超过数万亿，要建立一套全新的金融架构和底层操作体系是需要有实际数据相支撑的。在现有技术还没有被部署并且获得使用案例的情况下，能节省下的总金额还是很难确定的。这到目前为止，还是一个巨大的疑问存在，就是到底需要多少资金才能建立一个足够强大的区块链来平台处理，资本市场生态系统每天需要面对的万亿数量级的美元。</p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">此外区块链行业极其缺乏人才，缺少大量既了解区块链技术，又了解金融的多方面人才，市场正在拼命寻找可以连接两个世界的人才，需要能够在现实世界中，将区块链技术能够在资本市场中实现，并且实现更好的功能。而需要建立基于区块链技术的全新系统，必然是需要这样的跨界人才。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：什么是智能合约？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">智能合约是一种用计算机语言取代法律语言去记录条款的合约。智能合约可以由一个计算系统自动执行。如果区块链是一个数据库，智能合约就是能够使区块链技术应用到现实当中的应用层。传统意义上的合同一般与执行合同内容的计算机代码没有直接联系。纸质合同在大多数情况下是被存档的，而软件会执行用计算机代码形式编写的合同条款。智能合约的潜在好处包括降低签订合约、执行和监管方面的成本；因此，对很多低价值交易相关的合约来说，这是极大降低人力成本。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：智能合约怎么用？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">央行如果能够通过区块链来发行法币，那么也可以通过智能合约技术，将代码嵌入到法币发行的行为中，则这部分法币可以被称为“可编程货币”。比如，如果央行指定某一部分资金是发放到农业相关的账户，那么则可以对这部分资金写入相应程序，指定该部分资金只能进入到农业相关的账户中，那么这部分资金在任何情况下也不可能会被挪用到其他的账户中。如果大部分货币都成为“可编程货币”，那么我们则可以想象到，他们组成的金融环境就变成了“可编程金融”。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：区块链和普通人有什么关系？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：基本上没什么关系，除非是准备从事这方面的创业。就和TCP/IP协议和普通人之间的关系，普通人完全不需要知道什么是互联网底层的TCP/IP协议，只要享受互联网提供的服务就行。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：区块链项目是否一定需要有某种币出现？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：不是。比特币本身是作为一种支付系统，所以它需要有一个价值度量的工具，所以必须要有bitcoin出现。此外，为了奖励有更多人愿意贡献自己的计算机来为系统提供计算，所以需要有bitcoin来进行奖励。而在一些私有链的系统，可以设计专门的资产进行交易，而每个节点都是必须参与计算，这是他们的责任也是他们的权利，所以不用考虑通过奖励的方式来鼓励他们参与，所以在这样的系统里面就可能不再需要设计某种币的存在。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：比特币现在合法了吗？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：比特币在主要的世界大国，包括中国在内一直都是完全合法的。由于某些不良媒体的误导，使很多人以为中国曾经宣布过比特币非法。事实上，根据2013年12月5日，中国人民银行等五部委发布的防范比特币风险的通知中明确规定，比特币是一种特定虚拟商品，普通民众在自担风险的前提下拥有参与的自由。而各类金融机构和支付机构不得开展比特币相关的金融服务，或者将比特币作为投资标的。</p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">比特币在德国作为货币单位，在美国定义为大宗商品。欧盟法院认为比特币为一种支付手段，无需征收增值税。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：XX币可以投资吗？是区块链项目吗？是传销吗？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：目前包括比特币在内的所有数字货币都具有很高的风险，区块链技术本身在刚刚起步阶段，所有的区块链项目也都具有非常高的风险。不建议任何普通人投资任何数字货币和区块链相关的项目。并且数字货币和区块链具有一定的技术门槛，普通人无法区分哪些是真实的项目，哪些是传销项目。所以普通人建议不要投资任何这类的项目。对于任何你无法分辨是否是传销的项目，请直接视为传销项目。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：如何投资区块链？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：大多数区块链都处于起步阶段，而主要都是在海外，国内好的区块链项目非常非常少，所以不建议任何非专业人士投资区块链项目。如果对区块链技术很有兴趣，自己有技术或者金融相关的背景，建议可以考虑在这方面进行创业。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：区块链/比特币到底是谁发明的？中本聪是不是日本人？是不是美国政府的阴谋？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：比特币是一个自称为“中本聪”的人或者团队创造的，并且在比特币项目初期就已经完全退出了这个项目。“中本聪”是日本人的可能性非常小，因为他过去的电子邮件中可以推测出，他应该是一个以英语为母语的人。</p><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">此外比特币创造者对于目前比特币的项目已经完全没有影响力，所以不太可能是某个阴谋的产物。无论“中本聪”在之后是否会出现，或者在肉体上被消灭都无法影响对比特币产生太多的影响。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：比特币和Q币到底有什么区别？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：Q币是一种中心化的电子货币，包括总量，发行方式都是由腾讯公司控制的。而比特币的总量，发行方式都是由程序和加密算法预先设定后，在全世界的多个节点上运行，没有任何人和机构可以修改，不受任何单一人或者机构来控制。一般称Q币为电子货币，或者企业代币。称比特币为数字货币或者加密数字货币。</p><h4 style="margin: 20px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; color: rgb(0, 150, 136); background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">问：比特币总量是有上限的吗？是怎么分配的？</h4><p style="padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; line-height: 28px; color: rgb(137, 137, 137); letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 15px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); margin-top: 20px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; text-rendering: optimizeLegibility !important;">答：如同前面所说，矿工参与争夺记账权是有机会获得奖励的。在开始的时候是每10分钟系统会奖励记账最快最好的人50个比特币，然后这50个每四年减半，差不多在2140年的时候就不再有新的比特币出现，将会达到2100万个的上限。在这之后，将会使用交易手续费来奖励矿工。</p><p><br/></p> 0 1531484764 1531484764 http://m.huoma.red/upload/1531484757899392.png
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97 22 给新手：区块链资产的分类与价值判断 1 0 0 0 管理员 0 给新手：区块链资产的分类与价值判断 给新手：区块链资产的分类与价值判断 <section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">2016年之前的区块链世界只有比特币和山寨币（Altcoin）之分。</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(43, 43, 43);">比特币作为区块链世界的基础货币，地位是毫无争议的。这种由先发优势和创世哲学带来的价值极高，不知道区块链的人很多，不知道比特币的人却极少（<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(160, 160, 160);">不管这种知晓的程度是多高亦或认知存在多少偏差</span>）。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(43, 43, 43);">而随着区块链的发展，更多基础链的推出（<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(160, 160, 160);">以太坊、BTS、量子链、AE以及超新星EOS</span>），区块链世界的基础设施不断完善起来，这类平台早已不再是简简单单一个“币”的概念了。继续把他们称之为山寨币是非常不妥的，甚至圈内很多人<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">把它们称之为“竞争币”，也是非常错误的理解</strong>。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(43, 43, 43);"><br/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">笑来先生前段时间在【生存指南】里说过，区块链的世界从过去只有一颗大树（比特币），到如今变成了一片森林。因为越来越多为了解决过去中心化的网络无法解决的问题/需求，正在被开发者们通过区块链技术来试图解决或者已经解决。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">目前在这个虚拟世界已经存在着无数种数字货币/代币，那么该怎么分类呢？下面给出笔者的参考：</span></p></section></section></section><p><br/></p><section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">1. 货币类</p></section><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Qn6ZnAp98jKwYsBGfIXzsFBxjFCeOiceibhFFDTeYRWfAv1nsXMC2qrUicXNgnibfCxVRZjkUMt5aoiaBC1riblWfaOg/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" class="" width="0.8em"/></section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><ul class=" list-paddingleft-2" style="list-style-type: circle;"><li><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">比特币：世界银行，区块链世界的基础货币</span></p></li><li><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">ZCASH：通过零知识证明，解决了比特币没有解决的问题（隐私），无法被跟踪，同时只能显卡挖矿让算力无法被集中化，在去中心化这件事情上，ZCASH做的更好。</span></p></li><li><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">以莱特币、狗狗币为代表的山寨币，直接Copy比特币的源码，改一下参数，或者按照自己的理解进行“优化”。已知的仿比特币型的数字币据不完全统计，超过1500种，当然99%都已经成了归零币（价值=0），少数存活下来的其市值排名也早已大不如前。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></span></span></strong></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">2. 平台类型的代币</p></section><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Qn6ZnAp98jKwYsBGfIXzsFBxjFCeOiceibhFFDTeYRWfAv1nsXMC2qrUicXNgnibfCxVRZjkUMt5aoiaBC1riblWfaOg/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" class="" width="0.8em"/></section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><ul class=" list-paddingleft-2" style="list-style-type: circle;"><li><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">以太坊ETH、量子链QTUM、比特股BTS、PressOne为代表，这类平台是什么呢，大概可以理解为开发了一套系统，然后大家可以在这个系统内搭建Dapp（<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(160, 160, 160);">去中心化应用</span>），而代币是这个系统类运行所需要的血液。</span></p></li><li><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">EOS是更为底层的系统，是一套搭建公链的基础设施，在账户管理、并发处理、代码升级等方面做出了巨大的改革，PressOne、欧链等项目就是在它基础上搭建的，而EOS代币更像是一种资源。</span></p></li></ul></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">3. 应用型代币</p></section><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Qn6ZnAp98jKwYsBGfIXzsFBxjFCeOiceibhFFDTeYRWfAv1nsXMC2qrUicXNgnibfCxVRZjkUMt5aoiaBC1riblWfaOg/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" class="" width="0.8em"/></section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><ul class=" list-paddingleft-2" style="list-style-type: circle;"><li><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">根据产品的业务逻辑设置发行的资产，比如去中心化无服务器的云盘SIA发行的Siacoin（SC），游戏竞技平台第一滴血发行的1ST（一血）等等，而这些资产</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">需要从市场角度判断该产品的可行性，应用能否成功是价值判断的关键。</span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(65, 70, 75);"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-weight: 700;"><br/></span></span></span></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">4. 锚定资产类型</p></section><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Qn6ZnAp98jKwYsBGfIXzsFBxjFCeOiceibhFFDTeYRWfAv1nsXMC2qrUicXNgnibfCxVRZjkUMt5aoiaBC1riblWfaOg/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" class="" width="0.8em"/></section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><ul class=" list-paddingleft-2" style="list-style-type: circle;"><li><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(43, 43, 43);">公信宝的公信币，他们做的去中心化数据交易平台所用的公信币（不是公信股GXS）就是锚定人民币，永久1：1兑换的代币，</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">这类资产不存在升值空间，只是为了便于等额资产的转移。</span></p></li></ul></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">5. 分红型代币</p></section><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Qn6ZnAp98jKwYsBGfIXzsFBxjFCeOiceibhFFDTeYRWfAv1nsXMC2qrUicXNgnibfCxVRZjkUMt5aoiaBC1riblWfaOg/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" class="" width="0.8em"/></section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><ul class=" list-paddingleft-2" style="list-style-type: circle;"><li><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">还是拿公信宝举例，但不是公信币，而是公信股GXS。GXS是具备分红权的代币，我觉得这种代币的意义更像是</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; font-weight: 700;">资产证券化的终极版，</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">未来会有很多项目/公司会使用这种具备分红权的代币来让自己完成资产证券化。</span></p></li></ul></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;">6. 其他</p></section><img src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Qn6ZnAp98jKwYsBGfIXzsFBxjFCeOiceibhFFDTeYRWfAv1nsXMC2qrUicXNgnibfCxVRZjkUMt5aoiaBC1riblWfaOg/640?wx_fmt=png&tp=webp&wxfrom=5&wx_lazy=1" class="" width="0.8em"/></section><section><section></section><section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><ul class=" list-paddingleft-2" style="list-style-type: circle;"><li><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">目前的EOS代币和量子链代币都是在以太坊上发行的Erc-20兼容代币，目的是便于在公测前也能自由流通，公测后可以1：1兑换成正式的代币，而这些代币的价值和信用是由发行方的信用作为基础的。</span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">以上就是一些笔者对区块链的理解以及对资产做的分类，顺便想说下<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">对未来的判断</strong>（<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(160, 160, 160);">也可以说是自己认可的判断，因为一些话并不是自己的</span>）。</span></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><ul class=" list-paddingleft-2" style="padding: 0px 0px 0px 2.2em; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><li><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">BTC/ZEC会成为区块链世界的基础货币</strong></p></li><li><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">信誉无比重要，也会越来越重要</strong></p></li><li><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">人类财富会不断的往区块链世界转移</strong></p></li><li><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">区块链不是来解决所有问题的，中心化的网络依然有不可替代的作用</strong></p></li></ul></section></section></section><p><br/></p><p><br/></p> 0 1531411200 1540541666 http://t1.fuwuqian.cn/upload/1540541663868841.jpg
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98 20 聊聊钱包、私钥、公钥和地址 1 0 0 0 管理员 0 聊聊钱包、私钥、公钥和地址 聊聊钱包、私钥、公钥和地址 <section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">近来区块链技术相关的话题热度持续上升，其中大家最熟悉的应用恐怕就是比特币了。网上关于这种数字货币到底有没有价值的争论早已经吵翻了天，正反两派各有很多拥趸。</span><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">不过我不打算谈价值，只想从比特币对应的一款具体的应用软件入手，聊一些相关的专业名词和背后的逻辑。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">如果你是比特币的持有者，还凑巧有windows或者mac电脑，那你应该用过一款叫Bitcoin-qt的软件。这个软件就是号称比特币钱包的工具，与此相关的还有私钥、公钥、地址等名词概念。那么这四个概念之间是什么样的关系呢？尽管网上有很多资料解释的很详细很技术，但我也费了好大功夫才大概弄明白，可能是我的理解能力差吧。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);"><br/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">接下来我就把自己在理解这些问题时产生的疑问列出来，并一一回答。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p></section></section></section><p><br/></p><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">第一，这些名词的关系是什么样的？</strong></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">如果用一句话说明这几个名词的关系，那就是：<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(255, 129, 36);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">钱包生成私钥→私钥生成公钥<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">→</strong>公钥生成公钥哈希<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">→</strong>公钥哈希生成地址<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">→</strong>地址用来接受比特币</strong></span>，简单吧，能听懂吧。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">第二，这几个名词究竟是什么东西？</strong></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">还是一句话概括，<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(255, 129, 36);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">除了钱包是软件以外，剩下的四个都是长度不一的字符串</strong></span>，比如私钥是52位的字符串，地址是34位的字符串。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">第三，这四个字符串分别从哪里来的？</strong></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">私钥</span></strong><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">由钱包软件随机生成，随后用密码算法生成公钥和地址，如果用等式表示的话，可写成如下形式：</span></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">公钥=算法1(私钥)</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">公钥哈希=算法2(公钥)</p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;">地址=算法3(公钥哈希)</p></section></section></section></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">所以，<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(255, 129, 36);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">地址</strong>=算法3(算法2(算法1(私钥)))</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">其中，算法1，算法2，算法3都是公开的算法。<br/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">第四，这几个字符串哪个必须保密，哪个可以公开？</strong></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(246, 54, 1);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">私钥绝对不能公开</span></strong></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">，因为有了它本质上就取得了对应比特币的所有权。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);"><br/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(255, 129, 36);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">地址可以公开</span></strong></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">，因为它是用来接受比特币的，<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(255, 129, 36);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">公钥和公钥哈希也可以公开</strong></span>，不过一般情况下你看不到。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">第五，为什么地址和公钥可以公开？</strong></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">因为<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">即使被别人知道了地址和公钥，对方也推算不出你的私钥，也就掌握不了你的比特币</strong>。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">为什么推算不出呢？</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">因为问题三中的等式，除了算法3，算法1和算法2的计算都是不可逆推的</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">地址=算法3(算法2(算法1(私钥)))</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">什么叫做计算不可逆？</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">先举个简单的例子。</span><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);"><br/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">有等式y=4x²+5x+17，这是我们中学都学过的抛物线方程，在这个简单方程里，已知x的情况下，可以快速求出y。但是在知道y的情况下，要反求x，就会发现可能的答案x有两个，但实际只有一个才是正确的。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);"><br/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">当然真实的密码算法要比这个复杂的多，以至于，在已知y的情况下，x的可能解多达10的77次方个，所以若有台超级强大的计算机，进行暴力搜索求解，还是可以算出私钥的。不过据说宇宙所有原子的总和是10的80次方，所以暴力搜索法应该很花时间吧。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);"><br/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">再举个例子。电影《模仿游戏》中，英军即使在得到了engima密码机(算法)后仍然无法破解德军的密码，原因就是德军每次发信息都会用一个新的口令(私钥)作为起始点。在不知道口令的前提下，进行反向暴力破解大概需要几千万年，不过最后因为刻板的德国人每次都用同一个口令作为起点，而这个口令还是自然语言，导致密码被破解。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);"><br/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">所以，每次交易的时候才会要求生成一个新的私钥，然后得到一个新的地址，这样你的交易安全性就有了很大的保障。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">第六，私钥的本质是什么</strong></p></section></section></section><section><section><section><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">从上面的描述我们可以推出，私钥的本质是一个复杂数学问题的解，当有人向公开地址发送比特币时，其实是在向全网所有比特币客户端发出了一道数学题，而这道题目的正确解，就是你的私钥。因为那道题是用你的私钥生成的呀，所以只有你能在第一时间回答出答案，于是比特币就归你了，因此<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(246, 54, 1);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">私钥千万不能告诉别人。</strong></span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">如何找到私钥并妥善保管？</span></strong></p><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; line-height: 24px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal; widows: 1; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); box-sizing: border-box !important; word-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">在bitcoin-qt软件中，进入windows debug或者调试窗口，在命令行下输入<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(25, 114, 236);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">getaddressbyaccount</strong></span>命令可以查看所有已经生成的钱包地址。</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);">选取其中一个地址，然后用<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(25, 114, 236);"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important;">dumpprivkey<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></strong></span>“地址”命令就能看到私钥了(54位字符串)。</span></p><p><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; word-wrap: break-word !important; color: rgb(89, 89, 89);"><br/></span></p></section></section></section><p><br/></p><p><br/></p>','thumbnail'=>'http://ice.adminchao.com/upload/153662851069957.jpg'],
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['c_id'=>5,'title'=>'安全可靠的资产流通生态','author'=>'管理员','content'=>'content','thumbnail'=>'http://t1.fuwuqian.cn/upload/154054165334013.jpg'],
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['c_id'=>6,'title'=>'用户协议&隐私政策','author'=>'管理员','content'=>'content','thumbnail'=>'http://ice.adminchao.com/upload/1536628480132705.png'],
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['c_id'=>5,'title'=>'法币交易区规则','author'=>'管理员','content'=>'<p>必火交易规则：</p><p><br/></p><p>1、必火交易买卖双方协商不一致的情况下不允许有取消订单的行为。</p><p><br/></p><p>2、交易过程中，如被判定恶意拍单、卡单、延迟打款、延迟放行等恶意行为，将直接取消必火交易资格，甚至认证商家资格。</p><p><br/></p><p>3、必火交易，考虑支付方式限额问题，有效收款方式默认为银行卡。</p><p><br/></p><p> </p><p><br/></p><p>普通交易规则：</p><p><br/></p><p>买方用户须知：</p><p><br/></p><p>1、请在“广告”规定的时间内完成付款，并点击确认付款按钮。买方主动取消订单或者订单超时取消，系统将记录买方取消订单一次。</p><p><br/></p><p>2、Taker买方当日累计3笔取消的，会限制当日买入功能。</p><p><br/></p><p>3、Maker发布求购广告，当天累计取消订单达到3笔的，系统会限制您当天的买入功能。</p><p><br/></p><p>4、因为卖方未提供有效支付方式，导致系统记录买方取消订单，买方已因此被限制当天买入功能的，可以联系平台官方，要求解除限制。</p><p><br/></p><p>5、买方已付款，因买方未及时点击“我已付款”，导致订单超时取消，卖家后续有权选择继续成交或拒绝成交。如若拒绝成交，卖方需将款项原路退回给买方。</p><p><br/></p><p>6、请勿在未完成付款或不付款的情况下点击“我已付款”，该行为是属于恶意行为。当此类订单发生申诉，卖方可拒绝成交，情节严重的，系统将冻结买方账户。</p><p><br/></p><p>7、您在10分钟内未付款且不回应卖方的，当此订单出现申诉时，卖方可拒绝成交。</p><p><br/></p><p>8、请选择您本人的实名支付账户（如银行账户、支付宝账户、微信支付账户）来付款。如果您使用非实名账户或他人账户付款，当此订单出现申诉时，卖方可选择退款不成交。</p><p><br/></p><p>9、为了保证交易的及时性，请选择实时到账的汇款方式，例如支付宝、微信支付、银行实时汇款等。为确保到款的及时性，节假日或工作日的17：00-9：00，超过5万以上的汇款请分批支付，请勿使用支付宝转银行卡、微信转银行卡方式支付。</p><p><br/></p><p>10、买方点击“我已付款”两个小时后，卖方未收到付款，订单出现申诉时，卖方可以拒绝成交。</p><p><br/></p><p>11、请核对卖方最新收款方式，确认收款账户准确性，如买方未按照订单生成的约定账户汇款，将自行承担资金安全风险。</p><p><br/></p><p>12、进行中的订单对应的数字货币资产会锁定在平台；如您转账完成，并点击“我已付款”5分钟后，卖方未放币，则您可选择申诉，如您完全符合以上操作，我们会判定资产属于您。</p><p><br/></p><p>13、如遇到付款账号实名和平台认证实名不一致，卖方有权选择以下操作：</p><p><br/></p><p>要求买方和付款方手持身份证或护照等，进行视频KYC，证明资金来源合法；</p><p><br/></p><p>原路退款不成交；</p><p><br/></p><p>扣押数字货币72小时不放行。72小时后，由卖方决定放行或者原路退款。</p><p><br/></p><p>注：买方在转账的汇款备注里，备注六位数字的付款参考号即可。</p><p><br/></p><p>该“付款参考号”仅用于标识该笔汇款是对应于该笔订单，买方的汇款按约定到账的，视为已遵守交易规则。</p><p><br/></p><p>14、请勿填写类似BTC、比特币、火币等关键字，否则卖方可要求退款不成交。</p><p><br/></p><p> </p><p><br/></p><p> </p><p><br/></p><p>卖方用户须知：</p><p><br/></p><p>1、当您在卖出时，请认真确认您所卖出的价格，因广告价格问题产生的申诉，如买方无违规操作，我们会判定资产属于买方。</p><p><br/></p><p>2、买方已付款，因买方未及时点击“我已付款”，导致订单超时取消，卖家后续有权选择继续成交或拒绝成交。如若拒绝成交，卖方需将款项原路退回给买方。</p><p><br/></p><p>3、买方点击“我已付款”5分钟后未收到账，卖方可选择申诉；如买方不遵循先付款后点击“已付款”、付款不能在两小时以内到达账户或付款后订单取消，卖方可选择申诉，并退款不成交。</p><p><br/></p><p>4、收款时请仔细核实，买方的付款账户实名信息与平台实名信息是否一致。如不一致，请注意收款风险，当此类订单发生申诉时，卖方可选择退款拒绝成交。因用户接受非实名付款，导致他人的支付账户被冻结的，平台会调查问题资金来源，并且有权直接冻结该用户平台账户、取消商家认证资格。</p><p><br/></p><p>5、请在登录网银查看收款无误后，第一时间放行。买方无任何违规，买方标记订单状态为“已付款”后的20分钟以内，卖方无法完成放行的，当此订单发生申诉时，买方有权要求退款不成交，如卖方拒绝协调，我们会直接放行给买方并冻结卖方账户。</p><p><br/></p><p>6、为了确保交易的及时性，请发布广告时务必确保能在线并及时处理订单；如您无法保证及时处理交易订单，请及时下架，以免造成不必要的申诉纠纷。</p><p><br/></p><p>7、如遇到付款账号实名和平台认证实名不一致，卖方有权选择以下操作：</p><p><br/></p><p>要求买方和付款方手持身份证或护照等，进行视频KYC，证明资金来源合法；</p><p><br/></p><p>原路退款不成交；</p><p><br/></p><p>扣押数字货币72小时不放行。72小时后，由卖方决定放行或者原路退款。</p><p><br/></p><p>注：对于交易纠纷，平台有最终裁判权。对于恶意冻结订单、恶意付款、利用交易涉嫌诈骗等行为，平台可选择冻结账户，必要时协助司法机关进行处理。</p><p><br/></p><p> </p><p><br/></p><p>Maker（广告主）用户须知：</p><p><br/></p><p>1、成为商家才能发布广告。商家分为认证商家和超级商家。</p><p><br/></p><p>2、如您不在设备旁或离线无法及时处理订单，请提前下架广告。此类广告如产生订单，属于正常订单，按正常交易流程处理。</p><p><br/></p><p>3、发布求购广告时，当天累计取消订单达到3笔的，系统会限制您当天的买入功能。</p><p><br/></p><p>4、发布求购广告时，未付款订单≥5个，求购广告自动在列表页隐藏；付款完成至2个订单则显示。</p><p><br/></p><p>5、普通交易区发布广告的最大交易数量：20 BTC/ 200 ETH/ 20万 USDT/ 2万 EOS/ 5万 HT。</p><p><br/></p><p>6、必火交易区发布广告的最小交易数量：5 BTC / 50 ETH / 5万 USDT/ 5000 EOS/ 1万 HT。</p><p><br/></p><p>必火交易区发布广告的最大交易数量：400 BTC/ 3,000 ETH/ 400万 USDT/ 40万 EOS/ 100万 HT。</p><p><br/></p><p>7、商家收款时，请仔细核实买方的付款账户实名信息与买方的平台实名信息是否一致。</p><p><br/></p><p>因商家接受非实名付款，导致他人的支付账户被冻结的，平台会调查问题资金来源，并且有权直接冻结该商家平台账户、取消商家认证资格。</p><p><br/></p><p> </p><p><br/></p><p>Taker（非广告主）用户须知：</p><p><br/></p><p>1、普通交易区买入时需完成实名认证。</p><p><br/></p><p>2、普通交易区单笔交易金额 ＞2000元，累计交易金额或广告金额＞50000元，需要通过高级认证（“实名认证”+“人脸识别”）。</p><p><br/></p><p>3、必火交易区买入时，需要通过高级认证。</p><p><br/></p><p>4、如果您的账户余额满足必火广告需求，可以直接卖出。</p><p><br/></p><p>5、如遇到账号使用者和账号认证者不一致，平台方有权选择以下操作：</p><p><br/></p><p>要求账号使用者手持本人身份证或护照等，进行视频KYC；</p><p><br/></p><p>要求账号使用者证明和账号认证者之间的关系；</p><p><br/></p><p>平台有权根据输赢规则，对此类账号进行限制划转和提币3-7天不等；</p><p><br/></p><p>如无法提供相关证明，平台有权永久限制划转和提币。</p><p><br/></p><p> </p><p><br/></p><p>规则内容会根据运营情况实时优化，请大家及时关注内容更新。</p><p><br/></p>','thumbnail'=>'http://t1.fuwuqian.cn/upload/15405416418774.jpg'],
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);
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foreach ($data as $d){
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$news = new \App\News();
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$news->c_id = $d['c_id'];
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$news->title = $d['title'];
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$news->author = $d['author'];
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$news->content = $d['content'];
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$news->create_time = time();
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$news->thumbnail = $d['thumbnail'];
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$news->save();
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}
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}
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}
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